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The Revised and
Enhanced History of Joseph Smith by His Mother
Edited by Scot Facer Proctor and Maurine Jensen
Proctor
Chapter 44
The completion
of the Kirtland Temple. Joseph takes a journey
to the East. A vision is given to Joseph as
he passes through Palmyra which he finds difficult
to look upon. Joseph returns to Kirtland,
meets with the Saints, and prophesies about
the apostasy of one-third of those present.
His words are fulfilled and many turn violently
against the Prophet. A woman of Kirtland begins
receiving revelations through a black stone.
Many are deceived, including David Whitmer
and Frederick G. Williams. Lucy describes
Sidney Rigdon.
End of
March 1836 to late fall 1837
The
house of the Lord progressed steadily forward
notwithstanding all the threats of the mob.
When it was completed, there was much rejoicing
in the Church, and great blessings were poured
out upon the elders; but as I was not present
at the endowment, I shall say but little about
it. [1]
Soon after the
house was finished, Joseph and Martin Harris
took a short tour into the eastern country. [2]
As they were returning and were in Palmyra,
Joseph had a vision which lasted until he
besought the Lord to take it from him, for
it showed him things which were very painful
for him to contemplate. But it returned immediately
and remained before his eyes until the middle
of the forenoon.
The Church manifested
great joy at his return. The news of his arrival
was soon circulated among the brethren, and
there was nothing to be heard but, “Brother
Joseph has come back,” and “We shall hear
Brother Joseph preach tomorrow.”
When we met the
brethren the next day, he appeared unusually
solemn, which caused them to wonder much,
but he preached as he was accustomed to do.
He told the congregation that had assembled
that he was rejoiced to see them, and they
no doubt were glad to meet him again. “We
are now,” said he, “nearly as happy as we
can be on earth, for we have accomplished
more than we had any reason to anticipate
when we began. Our lovely and beautiful house
is finished, and the Lord has acknowledged
it by pouring out his Spirit upon us here
and revealing to us much concerning his purposes
in regard to the work which he is about to
perform. Furthermore, we have plenty of everything
necessary to our comfort and convenience,
and judging from appearances, one would not
suppose that anything could occur that would
break up our friendship for each other or
distress us in the least. But, brethren, beware,
for I tell you in the name of the Lord that
there is an evil in this very congregation,
which, if it is not repented of, will result
in making one-third of you who are here this
day so much my enemies that you will have
a desire to take my life; and you even would
do so, if God permitted the deed. But, brethren,
I call upon you now to repent, while there
is room for repentance, and cease all your
hardness and turn from these principles of
dishonesty and death which you are harboring
in your bosoms, before it is eternally too
late, for there is yet room for repentance.”
He continued
to labor in this way with them, appealing
to them in the most feeling and solemn manner,
until the exertion of his mind and the fatigue
of speaking quite exhausted him, and he sat
down, leaving almost everyone in the house
in tears.
The following
week was much given to surmises and speculations
as to who would be the traitors and why they
should be, etc., etc.
In a short time,
a difficulty broke out about the bank which
the brethren had established in Kirtland. [3]
It seemed that a quantity of money had been
taken away by fraud. When Joseph discovered
this, he demanded a search warrant of Esquire
Frederick G. Williams. This was flatly refused
by said Williams, to which Joseph said, “If
you will give me a warrant, I can get the
money, but if you do not, I will break you
of your office.”
“Well, break
it is, then,” said Williams, “and we will
strike hands upon it.”
“Very well,”
said Joseph, “from henceforth I drop you from
my quorum in the name of the Lord,” and Williams
in wrath replied, “Amen.” [4]
Joseph entered
a complaint against him for neglect of duty
as an officer of justice, on which account
his ministry was taken from him and given
to Oliver Cowdery.
Joseph then went
to Cleveland in order to transact some business
pertaining to the bank; and as he was absent
the ensuing Sunday, my husband preached to
the people. In speaking of the bank affair,
he reflected somewhat sharply upon Brother
Warren Parrish. [5]
Although the reflection was just, this incensed
Mr. Parrish, and he made an attempt to go
onto the stand. Mr. Smith told him that he
would not be interrupted, and seeing that
Parrish intended to force his way, my husband
called upon Oliver Cowdery, who was justice
of the peace, to have him brought to order.
But Oliver paid no attention, [6] and
Parrish made a move to pull Mr. Smith out
of the stand. At this, William, who was the
oldest one of my sons who was present, sprang
from his seat, caught Parrish in his arm,
and carried him halfway across the house.
He would have put him out of the room entirely
had not John Boynton [7]
stepped forward and, drawing the sword from
his cane, presented it to William’s breast
and said, “If you advance one step further,
I will run you through.” Before William had
time to turn, several gathered around him,
threatening to handle him severely if he laid
hands upon Parrish again. At this juncture
I left the house, sick and grieved of heart,
and more distressed as I found that, although
a great number did not take active part against
the Church, yet many were undecided. [8] This plainly showed
me that the seeds of the apostasy were already
sown in the breasts of a greater number than
I imagined before, just as Joseph had prophesied. [9]
The same week,
a young woman who lived with David Whitmer
and pretended to be able to discover hidden
things and to prophesy by looking through
a certain black stone which she had found,
revealed to Brother Whitmer and others some
facts which gave them a new idea of things
altogether. [10] David Whitmer requested her to look
through this stone and tell him what Joseph
meant by saying one-third of the Church would
turn against him. Her answer was that he would
fall from his office because of transgression,
and either David Whitmer or Martin Harris
would be appointed in his place, and the one
who did not succeed Joseph in his office would
be a counselor to the one who did.
Those persons
who were disaffected towards Joseph began
collecting together around this girl. Soon,
as this news came to his ears, Dr. Williams,
the ex-justice of the peace, also became one
of the dissenters, and he wrote down the revelations
that were given to this girl. Jared Carter,
who had always been before a good and faithful
brother, lived in the same house with David
Whitmer and soon invited the same spirit.
Not long after
Brother Carter became one of their party,
I was made acquainted with the fact, and having
a great regard for him, [11] I improved the first opportunity of
talking with him to dissuade him from continuing
to associate with persons who would be the
means of his destruction. As I had been informed
that he had declared in one of their meetings
that he possessed power to raise “Joe Smith”
to the highest heaven or cast him down to
the lowest hell, I questioned him about the
matter in the presence of my husband. Mr.
Smith, not knowing what I was talking of,
began to reason with Brother Carter upon the
impurity of his course and warned him to speedily
repent and to confess his sins to the Church,
or the judgments of God would overtake him.
He remained with us until midnight, acknowledged
his fault, and said he would confess to the
Brethren.
The next morning
he was taken with a violent pain in his eyes,
and continued in great distress for two days.
On the evening of the second day, he rose
from his bed, and kneeling down, he besought
the Lord to heal him, covenanting that if
he were healed, he would make a full confession
to the Church the next Sabbath.
The next Sunday
when the Brethren were about to open the meeting,
he arose and, saying that he had done wrong,
asked the forgiveness of the Church, begging
to be received again into their confidence.
He did not, however, state what he had done
that was wrong, but his confession was received
and he was forgiven.
The rest of his
party were still in opposition, and they continued
to meet secretly at Mr. Whitmer’s. When the
young woman, who was their instructress, was
through giving revelations in an evening,
she would jump and hop over the floor and
dance with all her might, boasting of her
great power until she was perfectly exhausted.
Her proselytes would also, in the most vehement
manner, proclaim how pure and holy they were,
and how mighty, great, and powerful they were
going to be.
When we held
our next prayer meeting, they took no part
with us, but after meeting was dismissed,
they arose and made a standing appointment
for meetings to be held every Thursday by
the “pure church,” which title they claimed.
They circulated a paper to ascertain how many
would follow them, and it was ascertained
that a great proportion of those whom we considered
good members were decidedly in favor of the
new party. In this spirit they went to Missouri
and contaminated the minds of some of the
brethren there against Joseph, in order to
destroy his influence with them. This schism
in the Church, and the rage of the mob, whom
we had contended with from the first, made
it necessary to keep a more strict guard than
ever at the houses of those who were their
chief objects of vengeance. [12]
The brethren
would take their stations as a watch and stand
night after night through all weather on guard
to protect the lives of the Presidency, one
of whom was Sidney Rigdon. [13]
He was always as fainthearted
as any woman, and far more so than his own
wife — for had his faith, patience, and courage
been as genuine as Sister Rigdon’s, he would
not have been where he is now. [14]
The Twelve, many of whom were
then cheerful to take the brunt of danger
and hardship that he recoiled from, are now
shining as much brighter in comparison to
him as the light of the sun is brighter than
the stroke of a tar bill.
Notes
[1] Eliza R. Snow recorded: “The ceremonies
of that dedication may be rehearsed, but no
mortal language can describe the heavenly
manifestations of that memorable day. Angels
appeared to some, while a sense of divine
presence was realized by all present, and
each heart was filled with ‘joy inexpressible
and full of glory.’” (In Edward W. Tullidge,
The Women of Mormondom [New York, 1877],
p. 95.) George A. Smith described the spiritual
outpourings that took place that evening:
“There were great manifestations of power,
such as speaking in tongues, seeing visions,
administration of angels... David Whitmer
bore testimony that he saw three angels passing
up the south aisle, and there came a shock
on the house like the sound of a mighty rushing
wind, and almost every man in the house arose,
and hundreds of them were speaking in tongues,
prophesying or declaring visions, almost with
one voice.” (In JD 11:10.) Joseph the
Prophet wrote: “All the congregation simultaneously
arose, being moved upon by an invisible power;
many began to speak in tongues and prophesy;
others saw glorious visions; and I beheld
the Temple was filled with angels, which fact
I declared to the congregation. The people
of the neighborhood came running together
(hearing an unusual sound within, and seeing
a bright light like a pillar of fire resting
upon the Temple), and were astonished at what
was taking place.” (History of the Church
2:428.)
[2] It appears
that this trip was to Salem, Massachusetts.
By the time the Kirtland Temple was completed
the Church still owed an estimated sixteen
thousand dollars on construction costs. Rendering
aid to the Saints in Missouri and paying for
Zion’s Camp had also taxed the members’ resources
to an extreme. According to Ebenezer Robinson’s
recollection, Jonathan Burgess, a Church member
from Massachusetts, informed the brethren
that “a large amount of money had been secreted
in the cellar of a certain house in Salem,
Massachusetts, which had belonged to a widow,
and he thought he was the only person now
living who had a knowledge of it, or to the
location of the house… Steps were taken to
try and secure the treasure.” (Quoted in Donald
Q. Cannon, “Joseph Smith in Salem,” in Robert
L. Millet and Kent P. Jackson, eds., Studies
in Scripture, Volume 1: The Doctrine and Covenants
[Sandy, Utah: Randall Book, 1984], p.
432.) Joseph, Hyrum, Oliver Cowdery, and Sidney
Rigdon (it does not appear from Joseph’s history
that Martin Harris was with them) left on
July 25, 1836, in hopes of finding the treasure
and alleviating this terrible burden of debt.
The treasure was never discovered, but the
Lord explained that there were other treasures
in the city of Salem to be found (see D&C
111). The brethren returned from their trip
in September 1836.
[3] The “Kirtland Safety Society Bank” was
the full title of the banking institution
of the Saints. The articles of agreement for
the bank were drawn up on November 2, 1836.
[4] Frederick Granger Williams was dropped from the First
Presidency (where he had served as Second
Counselor) on November 7, 1837.
[5] < Warren
Parrish (1803-1887), the brother-in-law of
Apostle David Patten, was baptized in May
1833 by Brigham Young. He served a mission
with Wilford Woodruff (1835-1836) in Kentucky
and Tennessee, was a member of the First Quorum
of Seventy, did clerical work for Joseph Smith,
and was the treasurer of the Kirtland Safety
Society. He renounced his membership in the
Church in the fall of 1837 and turned violently
against the Prophet. By 1870, he was insane,
and died seventeen years later in Emporia,
Kansas. (See Papers, p. 504.)
[6] It can
been seen here how far Oliver Cowdery had
drifted from the mainstream of the Church
by his lack of response to Father Smith, whom
he had referred to as “Father,” and Lucy Mack
Smith as “Mother,” many times. Oliver Cowdery
was excommunicated just a few months later
on April 12, 1838. Nine charges were leveled
against Oliver Cowdery, including “persecuting
the brethren by urging on vexatious law suits
against them, and thus distressing the innocent.”
Also, “for seeking to destroy the character
of President Joseph Smith, Jun., by falsely
insinuating that he was guilty of adultery...
for treating the Church with contempt by not
attending meetings... for leaving his calling
to which God had appointed him by revelation,
for the sake of filthy lucre, and turning
to the practice of law.” (History of the
Church 3:16.) It seems that after the
glorious manifestations at the dedication
of the temple, Satan was actively pursuing
the Saints in Kirtland, and even Oliver Cowdery
had been deceived. Oliver, who would not return
to the Church for ten years, was finally rebaptized
and passed away fifteen months later at age
forty-three (1850).
[7] John Farnham
Boynton (1811-1890) had a short stay in the
Church, yet was one of the original Twelve
Apostles, serving from 1835-1837. He became
involved with the speculation and financial
problems of 1837, turned against the Prophet,
and never rejoined with the Saints. (See Papers,
p. 476.) The conditions in Kirtland at
this time were a great contrast to those of
a few months earlier when so many spiritual
experiences were enjoyed by the Saints. Eliza
R. Snow recorded: “A spirit of speculation
had crept into the hearts of some of the Twelve,
and nearly, if not every quorum was more or
less infected. Most of the Saints were poor,
and now prosperity was dawning upon them —
the Temple was completed, and in it they had
been recipients of marvelous blessings, and
many who had been humble and faithful to the
performance of every duty — ready to go and
come at every call of the Priesthood, were
getting haughty in their spirits, and lifted
up in the pride of their hearts. As the Saints
drank in the love and spirit of the world,
the Spirit of the Lord withdrew from their
hearts, and they were filled with pride and
hatred toward those who maintained their integrity.
They linked themselves together in an opposing
party — pretended that they constituted the
Church, and claimed that the Temple belonged
to them, and even attempted to hold it.” (History
of the Church 2:487-88.)
[8] Apostle Parley P. Pratt was also tempted
by the rampant apostasy in Kirtland: “About
this time, after I had returned from Canada,
there were jarrings and discords in the Church
at Kirtland, and many fell away and became
enemies and apostates. There were also envyings,
lyings, strifes and divisions, which caused
much trouble and sorrow. By such spirits I
was also accused, misrepresented and abused.
And at one time, I also was overcome by the
same spirit in a great measure, and it seemed
as if the very powers of darkness which war
against the Saints were let loose upon me.
But the Lord knew my faith, my zeal, my integrity
of purpose, and he gave me the victory.
“I went to
brother Joseph Smith in tears, and, with a
broken heart and contrite spirit, confessed
wherein I had erred in spirit, murmured, or
done or said amiss. He frankly forgave me,
prayed for me and blessed me. Thus, by experience,
I learned more fully to discern and to contrast
the two spirits, and to resist the one and
cleave to the other. And, being tempted in
all points, even as others, I learned how
to bear with, and excuse, and succor those
who are tempted.” (Pratt, Autobiography,
p. 144.)
[9] During
the raging apostasy in Kirtland, Joseph recorded
the following: “In this state of things… God
revealed to me that something new must be
done for the salvation of His Church.” Heber
C. Kimball recorded: “On Sunday, the 4th day
of June, 1837, the Prophet Joseph came to
me… and whispering to me, said, ‘Brother Heber,
the Spirit of the Lord has whispered to me:
Let my servant Heber go to England and proclaim
my Gospel, and open the door of salvation
to that nation.’” (History of the Church
2:489, 490.) Thus, at the very time when
the Church was racked with apostasy, Joseph
was shown clearly by the Lord what course
should be taken — to take the gospel to England.
[10] The Lord
had prepared his people for something like
this. In one revelation he said: “But, behold,
verily, verily, I say unto thee, no one shall
be appointed to receive commandments and revelations
in this church excepting my servant Joseph
Smith, Jun., for he receiveth them even as
Moses” (D&C 28:2).
[11] It is
to be remembered that Jared Carter had administered
a blessing to Lucy’s daughter Sophronia and
she had been healed.
< [12] Hepzibah
Richards wrote to her brother Willard Richards
concerning this time: “A large number have
dissented from the body of the Church and
are very violent in their opposition to the
Presidency and all who uphold them. They have
organized a church and appointed a meeting
in the house [Kirtland Temple] next Sabbath.
Say they will have it, if it is by the shedding
of blood.” (Hepzibah Richards to Willard Richards,
January 18, 1838, in Kenneth W. Godfrey, Audrey
M. Godfrey, and Jill Mulvay Derr, Women’s
Voices: An Untold History of the Latter-day
Saints, 1830-1900 [Salt Lake City: Deseret
Book Co., 1982], p. 71.)
[13] Hepzibah
Richards also wrote concerning the hostility
and dangers at this time: “A dreadful spirit
reigns in the breasts of those who are opposed
to this Church. They are above law and beneath
whatever is laudable. Their leading object
seems to be to get all the property of the
Church for little or nothing, and drive them
out of the place. The house of our nearest
neighbor has been entered by a mob and ransacked
from the top to the bottom under pretense
of finding goods which it is thought they
had stolen themselves. An attempt has since
been made to set the same house on fire while
the family were sleeping in bed.” (Hepzibah
Richards to Dear Friends, March 23, 1838,
in Godfrey, Godfrey, and Derr, Women’s
Voices, p. 76.)
[14] At the
time of Mother Smith’s dictation, Sidney Rigdon
had recently been excommunicated from the
Church. He would never return to the Church.
He passed away nearly thirty-two years after
his excommunication.
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